Abstract. The article is an interdisciplinary educational dialogue between an infectious disease doctor and a therapist and aims to raise the awareness of therapists in terms of the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. The topic of this article is the key signs of an infectious pathology occurring with damage to the kidneys and the urinary system as a whole. The most common clinical symptoms of kidney and urinary tract damage occurring in infectious diseases are briefly presented. Particular cases of kidney damage in viral infections: hepatitis and HIV infection are considered. In most cases, the kidneys are involved in the pathological process in infectious pathology, causing a wide range of injuries: from urinary syndrome to end-stage chronic kidney disease. The features of kidney damage in infectious diseases, such as urinary syndrome in the absence of other characteristic syndromes indicating kidney damage; acute kidney damage. It is indicated that kidney damage in acute infectious disease occurring against the background of chronic kidney disease is a trigger for its progressive course. Early detection and adequate therapy of an infectious disease can limit the degree and severity of the pathological process in the kidneys. The management of a patient suspected of having an infectious disease should be carried out with the involvement of an infectious disease doctor.