Abstract. The article focuses on cerebral allergy (CA), described in the middle of 20th century. The evolution of subsequent notions about CA and some relevant definitions are provided. Mechanisms of CA are outlined along with the data concerning pyrroles and pyroluria. Main neurologic and psychiatric manifestations of CA and pyroluria are described, along with treatment approaches. It is highlighted that we have all the grounds to assume that mechanisms of CA occurrence have no significant differences from those occurring in other allergic reactions (in food allergy) based on two main types of immune response (associated with excessive IgE production or with mast cells). CA symptoms are numerous and diverse. They depend on patient age and can manifest in extremely wide range. The range of CA manifestations varies from losing consciousness and/or headaches combined with nettle-rash, itching and visual impairments or transitory speech impairments (aphasia etc.) to unilateral limb numbness and/or tongue, drowse, stupor, insomnia, inability to concentrate, irritability, excitability, depression, anxiety, giddiness, muscular manifestations. CA manifestations are usually expressed in certain psychical disorders (schizophrenia, depression, hallucinations, delirium, catatonia, epilepsy, autism, etc.). It is indicated that there are no developed standard methods of CA and pyroluria therapy. The existing approaches are partially empirical and partially theoretically grounded. Children with cerebral allergies are usually prescribed hypoallergic (elimination) diet of different intensity degrees. If necessary, such diet can reach the level of oligoantigenic one.